Search engines are becoming a very important gateway to your website. Therefore it is important that your key pages are found in various search engines. But how do you then achieve a high position? That is the subject of this whitepaper – in here you will find essential knowledge about the techniques you as a web master can use on your website, to help a high ranking.
One thing to keep in mind is that there is no “shortcuts” to achieving a high position. To be no. 1 in Google it requires some work and planning. But as it will be described, in this whitepaper there are some things that are more important than others.
There have been made a large survey among some of the worlds most well known SEO gurus where various topics has been presented and they have ranked these and added their comments.
Here the 10 most positive factors and 5 most negative factors from this survey are listed.
Top 10 Positive Factors | Top 5 Negative Factors |
Keyword Use in Title Tag | Server is Often Inaccessible to Bots |
Anchor Text of Inbound Link | Content Very Similar or Duplicate of Existing Content in the Index |
Global Link Popularity of Site | External Links to Low Quality/Spam Sites |
Age of Site | Participation in Link Schemes or Actively Selling Links |
Link Popularity within the Site’s Internal Link Structure | Duplicate Title/Meta Tags on Many Pages |
Topical Relevance of Inbound Links to site | |
Link Popularity of Site in Topical Community | |
Keyword Use in Body Text | |
Global Link Popularity of Linking site | |
Topical Relationship of Linking Page |
From this top list it can be concluded that the main focus is around the five areas: finding the right keywords, using them in content, create quality links to the pages, create meaningful URL’s and use the keywords in your Meta data. These are the 5 main subject handled in this white paper.
The top 5 most negative is shown to give you an example of what to avoid. These will only be covered shortly in this white paper.
To this white paper we have attached two “SEO Checklists”. The idea with these is to provide you with check lists that you can use in your daily work, as a reminder of what to do on the website to ensure/improve your ratings.
1. Define keywords for your pages
Keyword research is critical to the process of SEO. Without this component, your efforts to rank well in the major search engines may be misdirected to the wrong terms and phrases, resulting in rankings that no one will ever see. The process of keyword research involves several phases:
Brainstorming – Thinking of what your customers/potential visitors would be likely to type in to search engines in an attempt to find the information/services your site offers (including alternate spellings, wordings, synonyms, etc). Look at competitors website see which keywords they have implemented that can be of competition to you.
Surveying Customers – Surveying past or potential customers is a great way to expand your keyword list to include as many terms and phrases as possible. It can also give you a good idea of what’s likely to be the biggest traffic drivers and produce the highest conversion rates. A way to do this is to use SiteCatalyst (or another statistic tool) to find the previously used search phrases.
Applying Data from KW Research Tools – Several tools online offer information about the number of times users perform specific searches. Using these tools can offer concrete data about trends in keyword selection. Also the tools can often offer you some other keywords that resemble or is alike to your keyword. But the most important issue about using a research tool is to find the popularity of a given keyword. Often it is a good idea to incorporate less popular keywords also.
Term Selection – The next step is to create a matrix or chart that analyzes the terms you believe are valuable for your business. A starting point can be your websites navigation where you split your keywords up so they are applied to a page in the site structure. A keyword might apply to multiple pages but no pages are allowed to be exactly the same. The recommendation is that each page only has one keyword defined.
Adding keywords to pages – When you have a list of keywords or keyword phrases that apply to the content of your site, you can begin to plan where to apply these. To each page in you site you must define one keyword or keyword phrase and only one! Lets use an example on how these keyword can be used on a page:
Let’s say you have a section/page on the web site with a collection of articles devoted to real estate advice – helpful tips and information for people selling a house. You’ve decided the primary keyword for this page is “home selling tips.” That exact keyword should appear in the following six places:
- In the page title.
- In at least one, preferably more, text links pointing to the page; i.e., home selling tips >>
- In the URLof the page; i.e., http://www.yourdomain.com/home-selling-tips.html
- In the header tag of the page text; i.e., h1 = Home Selling Tips
- In the page text; i.e., “The following home selling tips will help make the experience of putting your home on the market more enjoyable, and should help you sell your house for the best price.”
- In the META description tag; i.e., META name=”description” content=”Home selling tips and advice from John Doe, a licensed real estate agent serving Spokane, Washington (WA). If you have questions about how to sell a home for the best price, this article will help… blah-blah.”
I’ve listed these in order of importance, so if something prevents you from placing the keyword in all six places, you can prioritize them as I have above.
Do you have the need for a page that targets multiple keywords then ensure that other pages that uses the same keyword does not have the same title. This would be duplicate content and it will lower your ranking.
Performance Testing and Analytics – After keyword selection and implementation, use a analytics program (like Sitecatalyst) that measure web traffic, activity, and conversions, these information can be used to further refine keyword selection.
You can find links to tools and other material on the last page of this document.
1.1 Use keywords in the title
The title of a page is the most important factor for search engines and the title of your page is the one that attract the users to click from the search engine to your page.
So it is important to use the title every time a page is edited or created. A title of a page should always describe what the actual page is about – it is not good to reuse the same title on all pages.
Do you have limited time for optimizing your page – title is the one to work with.
When working with the title remember this:
- Descriptive text is better for the users than a list of keywords
- Use only the keywords expected to be found in this page – there is no need to “stuff” the title with useless keywords.
- The search engines can only read a certain amount so try to limit the length of the title tag to max 80 characters (you can add more but it will not be shown in the search engine)
- If you want to include your company name in the title place it last on all other pages than the front page
- In the search engine the keywords get bolded
- Characters like :: takes up characters in the title so use these wisely. They will not help in attracting the users.
- Build up your title to contain one main keyword and 3-5 supporting keywords.
Here is and example from a search for “stone wool manufacturer” in Google.com
In the above example you can see that the keywords are highlighted in both the text and the title. The title here is a bit long and perhaps also the Company name is missing. Title tags are never “perfect”, they can always be improved.
Another example:
Page on rockwool.cu.uk about Fire
- Current title: Fire :: Fire Section :: Rockwool Ltd
- Recommended: Fire – in-built protection, regulations, fire proof, fire-stopping | Rockwool Ltd
The idea is to distil the information in the title, into the clearest, most useful snippet while retaining the primary keyword phrase as the first words in the tag.
In Synkron.Web you can edit the title when editing a page. The title is defined in the Title element, see also example below.
A landing page is the page that you have defined that your users should find in the search engine and these should be the main entrance to you website. Other pages might also be found but they have lower priority in your page hierarchy. When optimizing your content pages, it is the landing pages that you should start optimizing first and then remember to link to these pages from other internal and external pages – of course only from other relevant content. Remember that you
Beside the title content is the most important thing on the website. Writing a good text for a page is crucial both to the users and to the search engines. Therefore it is delicate balance between adding as many keywords combinations as possible for the search engines to find and at the same time make the text readable and understandable for the users.
Writing for the web is a piece of art and it is highly debated. There have been several studies of this and in the link list a few of these are mentioned for inspiration.
A few point of consideration when writing content (from www.seomoz.org):
“It is important to use the keyword phrase throughout the page where it makes sense. As engines get more sophisticated, it’s not just the targeted keyword phrase that counts, but the mix of all the words on the page that help to determine what the page is about.”
“If the use of keywords is overdone it can suppress rankings. I think they are moving more toward topic analysis to learn what is relevant though.”
“Rather than worrying about density, or other such myths, it is likely better to just use the words associated with topics. The use of semantically similar words is much more important than repeating the same word”
“Use an optimized document structure – The best practice is generally to follow a journalistic format wherein the document starts with a description of the content, then flows from broad discussion of the subject to narrow. The benefits of this are arguable, but in addition to SEO value, they provide the most readable and engaging informational document. Obviously, in situations where this would be inappropriate, it’s not necessary.”
So making a text “search engine friendly” is not very difficult, but there are of course some general mistakes to avoid:
- Avoid text embedded in Java scripts or flash
- Avoid text embedded in images
- Avoid text only accessible after submission of a form.
- Avoid stuffing the text with the keyword – use it in a readable way.
- Avoid hiding text – meaning setting the colour to the background colour of the page or hide it between other elements. Cheating will never work.
Generally it can be said that the search engine only can read the “clear text” and therefore it can not find text embedded as mentioned above.
Images can be debated also – the search engines can not read the images, but user can. So use images in a meaningful way for the users – but ensure that any “selling point” presented on the image (for example in a banner) also is present in the text. One point to consider about images is the use of the ALT text – this is a good way to inform the search engine about the content of the image. It is debated if the ALT text is providing anything to you rank but we recommend you to always the ALT text – both for your users and for the search engines.
One of the most time consuming parts of optimizing to search engines is to build up the link popularity of the page on ones website.
The overall idea is to get external people to link to your pages and preferable having other high ranked pages linking to you. But not all traffic is good traffic the search engines looks at several factors when evaluating the value of an incoming link some of the most important is:
- Anchor text of inbound link. If you want to promote a specific page then a link containing that pages keyword is the best. So do you have a page about a fire properties an external link with text “Rockwool products has a good fire resistance” is better than “Go to Rockwool”.
- Global link popularity of site. Any website that links to you should also popular, the search engine has big focus on external links – they should come from a related subject on a popular page to help your ranking.
- Topical relationship of linking page.Links from pages that concerns the same subject is best. So if you can have a link from a building portals section about preventing fire directly to your fire section then this is better than a link form that section to your front page.
Some companies offers to buy a certain amount of incoming links – this is not a good idea. Trying to “cheat” or “trick” your rankings is never well liked. And often it will result in a ban from the search engine. Generally speaking it can be said that a search engine prefers links that real people have created.
So in creating link relations there is a large amount of work – this involves contacting partners and make agreements with relevant other websites. One of the key things is to be very strict about how people link to you.
There are of course some less time consuming ways to achieve some link popularity, some of the currently most used is:
Catalogues, submitting your link to relevant catalogues on the internet. A catalogue is a collection of links gathered by human editors and placed into various categories. The most famous catalogue is DMOZ which can be found at http://www.dmoz.org/. DMOZ is the “mother ship” for Google – it uses this catalogue to look up results for a given keyword so it is very important to be registred here. It is quit easy to submit a link to these catalogues and there might also be local catalogues that might be of interest.
Wikipedia, has become a large source of user generated information, having relevant links from wikipedia is regarded as high quality links by the search engine and is therefore and easy way to build up the link popularity of a specific section. So if there is relevant subjects in your country version of wikipedia add a link to the specific page in your website. Avoid linking from wikipedia to you frontpage since this will be regarded as low quality links.
Blogs/Forums, becomes more and more used – and since blogs are maintained by real people search engines likes links from these. So either running a blog or contributing to blogs or forums will provide valuable links to your site.
A part of the link strategy is also to consider internal linking. Internal linking is to have your pages link to other relevant pages on your website. Internal linking does not help you achieve high rankings in a search engine but it helps it to find other relevant content.
So the recommendation to you is to think links as a part of your solution – use every opportunity to have other to link to you but control the links to you. But the only way to make a effective link strategy is to have landing pages that are useful to link to.
4. URL strategy
To help both the users and the search engines it is also advised to consider the URL strategy. To some extend our CMS system can limited our strategy here.
Basically there are 2 major strategies that can be used, that is “folder” style and “sub domain” style.
The sub domain approach is where you replace the www in your domain name and replace them with a sub domain name – this could for example http://guide.rockwool.com to your solution finder module or http://fire.rockwool.com to your fire section. This approach is still considered to be a part of your main domain so pages under each sub domain is by search engines considered a part of your site. But for a user the sub domain clearly identifies the top subject for this area. Microsoft is using this strategy.
The other approach is the “folder” approach where you add the navigation structure to your url like this: http://www.rockwool.com/fire/fire-safe-walls. The advantages of this are that you are able to “stick” more keywords into your url. One thing to avoid when using this strategy is very long words – max. 3 dashes (-) in the url. Otherwise the url gets impossible for the user to overlook.
Our CMS system synkron has some limitations to this. In synkron.web it is only possible to use the sub domain approach. In synkron VIA the folder option is the standard implementation and it is based on the folder structure in the site tree.
5. Meta tags
Meta tags once held the distinction of being the primary realm of SEO specialists. Today, the use of meta tags, particularly the meta keywords tag, has diminished to an extent that search engines no longer use them in their ranking of pages. However, the meta description tag can still be of some importance, as several search engines use this tag to display the snippet of text below the clickable title link in the results pages.
In the image below, an illustration of a Google SERP (Search Engine Results Page) shows the use of the meta description and title tags. It is on this page that searchers generally make their decision as to which result to click, and thus, while the meta description tag may have little to no impact on where a page ranks, it can significantly impact the # of visitors the page receives from search engine traffic. Note that meta tags are NOT always used on the SERPs, but can be seen (at the discretion of the search engine) if the description is accurate, well-written, and relevant to the searcher’s query. If a meta tag description is not include the search engine will use the first available text on the page.
In Synkron.Web you find the meta tags when you go to the “properties” of a page then go to the “Meta tags” menu.
One point of failure regarding META tags is to reuse the same tag to multiple pages – this should be avoided since it will have an negative effect on the ranking of your pages. So always create unique meta tags for a page.
General
Beginner’s Guide to Search Engine Optimization : http://www.seomoz.org/article/beginners-guide-to-search-engine-optimization
Defining keywords
“I have my keywords .. now what?” : http://www.smallbusinesssem.com/i-have-my-keywords-now-what/700/
SEOmoz’s KW Difficulty Tool : http://www.seomoz.org/keyword-difficulty
Content
Writing for the Web : http://www.useit.com/papers/webwriting/
This checklist can be used to check the website as a whole.
Landing pages
- Define the landing pages on your website – where do you want the users to enter your site?
Paths / goals
- Define the paths your user optimal should follow
- Define overall goals for your website
Keywords
- Define one keyword per landing page – start by optimizing these pages.
Title
- Setup a rule for your title – for example company name last
URL
- Define the URL strategy for your site
Content
- Setup a rule for your content pages – what is the minimum
Source code
- Validate your HTML and CSS at W3C.org (http://validator.w3.org/)
8. Page checklist
This checklist can be used to check a page on your website.
Keywords
- Keyword for this page defined
Titles
- Selected keyword used in title
- Title is unique
Meta data
- Selected keyword used in the meta tag “keyword”
- Keyword meta tag is unique
- Selected keyword used in the meta tag “description”
- Description meta tag is unique
Content
- Selected keyword is used in a H1 header on the page
- Selected keyword is used in text on the page
- Selected keyword is used in a keyword combination or variation in the text or sub headers
URL
- Selected keyword is used in the URL (if possible)
Or
- Selected keyword is used in the sub domain (if possible)
Links
- Selected keyword is used in one or more links coming to your site
- The page has reference links to other pages of relevance on your website – remember to link more often to your landing pages.
Best Practice on SEO for Your Landing Page